Abortion
1.The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (n.d.). Abortion is healthcare: Facts are important.
2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). BeSafeRx: Frequently asked questions (FAQs).
3.U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2025, January 17). Information about mifepristone for medical termination of pregnancy through ten weeks gestation. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
4.U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2023). Mifeprex (mifepristone) tablets: Highlights of prescribing information (Rev. Jan. 2023).
5.U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (n.d.). Questions and answers on mifepristone for medical termination of pregnancy through ten weeks gestation.
6.The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (n.d.). Abortion care: FAQs on induced abortion.
7.Planned Parenthood Federation of America. (n.d.). In-clinic abortion procedures.
8.National Abortion Federation. (2024). Clinical policy guidelines for abortion care (2024 CPGs).
9.Planned Parenthood Federation of America. (n.d.). What happens during an in-clinic abortion.
10.National Abortion Federation. (n.d.). Abortion: Pregnancy options and procedures.
11.Society of Family Planning & Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. (2024). Clinical recommendation: Induction of fetal asystole before abortion.
12.Reardon, D. C. (2025). Suicide risks associated with pregnancy outcomes: A national cross-sectional survey of American females 41–45 years of age. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 46(1), Article 2455086.
13.Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., & Ridder, E. M. (2006). Abortion in young women and subsequent mental health. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(1), 16–24.
14.Wallin Lundell, I., Georgsson Öhman, S., Frans, Ö., Helström, L., Högberg, U., Nyberg, S., … & Östlund, I. (2013). Posttraumatic stress among women after induced abortion: A Swedish multi-centre cohort study. BMC Women’s Health, 13, 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-13-52.
15. Alipanahpour, S., Zarshenas, M., Ghodrati, F., & Akbarzadeh, M. (2019). The severity of post-abortion stress in spontaneous, induced and forensic medical center permitted abortion in Shiraz, Iran, in 2018.Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 25(1), 84–90. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_36_19.
16.Sullins, D. P. (2019). Affective and substance abuse disorders following abortion by pregnancy intention in the United States: A longitudinal cohort study. Medicina, 55(11), 741.
17.Fok, W. Y., Siu, S.‐S. N., & Lau, T. K. (2006). Sexual dysfunction after a first trimester induced abortion in a Chinese population. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 126(2), 255–258.
18.Bianchi-Demicheli, F., Kulier, R., Perrin, E., & Campana, A. (2000). Induced abortion and psychosexuality. In Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE): Quality-assessed Reviews [Internet]. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (UK).
19.Boesen, H. C., Rørbye, C., Nørgaard, M., & Nilas, L. (2004). Sexual behavior during the first eight weeks after legal termination of pregnancy. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 83(12), 1189–1192.
20.Coyle, C. T., Coleman, P. K., & Rue, V. M. (2010). Men and abortion: A review of empirical reports concerning the impact of abortion on men. The Internet Journal of Mental Health, 3(2).
21.Support After Abortion. (2021). Men’s National post personal abortion study (June 15–24, 2021).
22.Baker, A., Morrison, J. A., & Coffey, S. F. (2011). Using prolonged exposure to treat abortion-related posttraumatic stress disorder in alcohol dependent men: A case study. Clinical Case Studies, 10(6), 427–439. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534650111429376.
23. Biggs, M. A., Brown, K., & Greene Foster, D. (2020). Perceived abortion stigma and psychological well-being over five years after receiving or being denied an abortion. PLOS ONE, 15(1), e0226417. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226417.
24.The Justice Foundation. (n.d.). Center Against Forced Abortions (CAFA).
25.Starkman, E., & Johnson, T. C. (Medically reviewed by). (2024, May 26). Medical abortion (abortion pill): What to know. WebMD.
Adoption
26.Adoption.org. (n.d.). What’s the difference between open, semi-open, and closed adoption? Adoption.org. Retrieved May 1, 2025.
27.Adoption.org. (n.d.). “Giving your baby up for adoption” is a bad phrase. Adoption.org. Retrieved May 1, 2025.
28. Psychology Today Staff. (n.d.). Adoption. Psychology Today. Retrieved May 20, 2025.
29.Michigan Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.). Foster care. Michigan.gov. Retrieved May 20, 2025.
Parenting
30.Wilcox, W. B., Dew, J., & ElHage, A. (2019, February 7). Cohabitation doesn’t compare: Marriage, cohabitation, and relationship quality. Institute for Family Studies.
31. Avner Ahituv and Robert I. Lerman, "How Do Marital Status, Labor Supply, and Wage Rates Interact?" Demography 44, no 3: 623-47.
32. Hyoun K. Kim and Patrick C. McKenty, "The Relationship Between Marriage and Psychological Well-being: A Longitudinal Analysis," Journal of Family Issues, Vol 23, Issue 8: 885-911.
Liu H., Reczek C, "Cohabitation and U.S. Adult Mortaility: An Examination by Gender and Race," Journal of Marriage and Family, 74(4); 794-811.
Bachman et al., Smoking, Drinking, and Drug Use in Young Adulthood (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum); Miller-Tutzauer et al., "The Effect of Marital Status on Stage, Treatment, and Survival of Cancer Patients," Journal of the American Medical Association, 258, no. 21: 3125-30.
Brown, S. L., & Bulanda, J. "Relationship violence in young adulthood: A comparison of daters, cohabitors, and marrrieds". Social Science Research, 37 (1): 73-87.
33. Feldhahn, S. C., & Whitehead, T. (2014). Happily, ever after. In The good news about marriage: Debunking discouraging myths about marriage and divorce (pp. 50, 61). Colorado Springs, CO: Multnomah.
34.McLanahan, S., & Sawhill, I. (2015). Marriage and Child Wellbeing Revisited: Introducing the Issue. The Future of Children, 25(2), 3–9.
35. National Fatherhood Initiative. (n.d.). The importance of an involved father [Brochure]. National Fatherhood Initiative.
36. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2018). Early pregnancy loss (Practice Bulletin No. 200). Obstetrics & Gynecology, 132(5), e197–e207.
37. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2024, May). Ectopic pregnancy: Frequently asked questions (FAQs).
38. Mich. Comp. Laws § 710.29 (2026).
